Understanding Hand Tendon Repair Surgery

Hand tendon repair surgery is a specialized procedure performed to fix torn or ruptured tendons in the hand. Tendons are strong bands of tissue that connect muscles to bones and allow for coordinated movement when muscles contract.

The tendons in your hand, particularly the flexor tendons and extensor tendons, control the motion of the fingers and thumb. Injuries to these tendons can severely limit hand function and are often painful.

There are two main types of tendon injuries in the hand:

• Flexor tendon injuries affect the tendons on the palm side of the hand that help bend the fingers and thumb.
• Extensor tendon injuries affect the tendons on the back of the hand that help straighten the fingers and thumb.

When is Hand Tendon Repair Surgery Needed?

Hand tendon repair surgery is typically recommended when a tendon in your hand is completely or partially torn. Common causes of tendon injuries include:

• Deep cuts or lacerations to the hand or wrist
• Sports injuries or trauma
• Rheumatoid arthritis or other inflammatory conditions
• Sudden forceful movements that cause a ruptured tendon

Symptoms that may indicate the need for surgery include:

• Inability to bend or straighten one or more fingers or thumb
• Pain and swelling over the injured tendon
• A noticeable gap under the skin where the damaged tendon is located
• Weakness in grip strength or difficulty performing tasks like buttoning a shirt or turning a doorknob

When tendons remain ruptured, they can no longer connect muscles to the bones in the hand, leading to loss of motion. Early evaluation and treatment are essential for the best outcome, especially in cases involving thumb flexor tendons or flexor tendon injuries, which can severely affect fine motor skills.

How to Prepare for Hand Tendon Repair Surgery

Preparing for hand tendon repair surgery involves several key steps to ensure a smooth procedure and optimal recovery. Your surgeon will likely provide detailed instructions, but general preparations include:

• Medical Evaluation: You may require imaging studies, such as X-rays or an MRI, to assess the extent of the injury.
• Medication Review: Inform your doctor about any medications, supplements, or herbs you’re taking. Some may need to be paused before surgery.
• Fasting Instructions: If general anesthesia is used, you may be asked to avoid eating or drinking for 6–8 hours before the procedure.
• Transportation Plans: Since you may not be able to drive post-surgery, arrange for someone to take you home.

Your orthopedic team at Georgia Hand Shoulder and Elbow will guide you through each step of the preparation process, ensuring you feel informed and supported.

What Happens During Hand Tendon Repair Surgery?

During hand tendon repair surgery, your orthopedic surgeon will make a small incision in the hand to access the damaged tendon. The goal is to reconnect the torn ends of the tendon using fine sutures. In some cases, if the tendon is too damaged, a tendon graft may be necessary to reconstruct the tissue that connect muscles to bones.

Depending on the severity and location of the injury, your surgeon may perform:

• Simple flexor tendon repair for clean, recent tendon tears.
• Extensor tendon repair to restore function to the back of the hand and fingers.
• Combined procedures if more than one tendon or structure is involved.

As for anesthesia, many hand tendon repairs are performed under regional or general anesthesia, meaning you will be put to sleep or made comfortable and pain-free during the procedure. Your anesthesiologist will determine the best approach for your individual case.

The procedure usually takes 1 to 2 hours, and most patients go home the same day.

How Long Does it Take to Recover from Hand Tendon Surgery?

Recovery from hand tendon repair surgery is a gradual process that requires patience, dedication, and the support of a skilled rehabilitation team. The total recovery time can range from 3 to 6 months depending on the type of injury, the complexity of the repair, and how well the repaired tendons heal.

What to Expect During Recovery

• Immobilization: Your hand will be placed in a splint or cast to keep the affected fingers or thumb from moving while the tendon heals.
• Pain Management: Medications and ice therapy will help reduce swelling and discomfort.
• Physical Therapy: Once healing has begun, a certified hand therapist will work with you to restore motion, strength, and flexibility. Early controlled movement is often encouraged to prevent stiffness.
• Follow-up Appointments: Your surgeon will monitor your progress and may adjust your rehabilitation plan accordingly.

While it can take several months to regain full function, most patients experience significant improvements in hand strength, flexibility, and dexterity after flexor tendon repair or extensor tendon repair surgery.

Regain Control and Comfort in Your Hand with Expert Care

A flexor tendon injury or ruptured tendon can be a frustrating and debilitating condition—but with the right surgical care and rehabilitation, recovery is not only possible, but likely.

If you’re experiencing pain, limited motion, or weakness in your hand, don’t wait. Our experienced team at Georgia Hand, Shoulder and Elbow is here to provide an accurate diagnosis and the best course of treatment, including advanced flexor tendon repair and extensor tendon repair surgery.

With personalized care plans, compassionate support, and leading surgical expertise, we’ll help you get back to doing what you love—with confidence and comfort. Call us today in Marietta or Atlanta, GA, to schedule your consultation and take the first step toward a stronger, healthier hand.