Elbow Dislocation Physical Therapy

What is Elbow Dislocation?

An elbow dislocation occurs when the bones that make up the elbow joint—the humerus (upper arm bone), radius, and ulna—are forced out of their normal alignment. This displacement disrupts the joint’s stability and function.

There are two primary types of elbow dislocations:

• Partial dislocation: Involves damage to the ligaments without any associated fractures.
• Complete dislocation: Involves both ligament injuries and fractures of the bones around the elbow.

When the elbow dislocates, damage can be done to the surrounding soft tissues. This degree of damage includes the following:

• Simple elbow dislocation: Involves damage to the ligaments without any associated fractures.
• Complex elbow dislocation: Involves both ligament injuries and fractures of the bones around the elbow.
• Severe elbow dislocation: This may involve damage to the blood vessels and nerves.

What Causes Elbow Dislocation?

Elbow dislocations are commonly caused by:

• Falls: Especially when landing on an outstretched hand.
• Trauma: Such as car accidents or direct blows to the elbow.
• Sports injuries: Particularly in contact sports or activities that involve a high risk of falls.

These incidents can exert significant force on the elbow joint, leading to dislocation.

Athletes involved in gymnastics, skateboarding, or football are particularly vulnerable due to the dynamic and high-impact nature of these sports. Older adults are also at increased risk, especially those with reduced bone density or balance challenges.

For more information on elbow injuries and treatments, visit our elbow services page.

Elbow Dislocation Symptoms

Symptoms of a dislocated elbow may include:

• Severe pain: Immediate and intense discomfort in the elbow area.
• Visible deformity: The elbow may appear misshapen or out of place.
• Swelling and bruising: Around the elbow joint.
• Inability to move the elbow: Limited or no range of motion.
• Numbness or tingling: Indicating possible nerve involvement.

In cases of severe elbow dislocation, there may also be damage to blood vessels or nerves, requiring immediate medical attention.

Elbow Dislocation Treatment

Most elbow dislocations can be treated with non-surgical treatments. Treatment for an elbow dislocation depends on the severity of the injury. The following are some of the treatments available:

• Reduction: A healthcare provider will gently manipulate the bones back into their proper position.
• Immobilization: Using a splint or sling to keep the elbow in place during the initial healing phase.
• Physical therapy: To restore range of motion and strengthen the joint.
• Surgery: This may be necessary for complex dislocations involving fractures or significant soft tissue injury.

It’s important to follow a tailored treatment plan to ensure proper healing and prevent complications.

Surgery may also be considered when non-operative methods do not achieve sufficient stability or function. Post-operative recovery typically includes a structured physical therapy program to restore strength and mobility.

How Can Physical Therapy Help Treat Elbow Dislocation?

Physical therapy is a vital component of elbow dislocation treatment, aiding in recovery and preventing long-term issues.

Restoring Range of Motion

After immobilization, the elbow may become stiff. Physical therapists employ gentle exercises to improve elbow flexion and extension, gradually restoring movement.

Strengthening Muscles

Strengthening the muscles around the elbow joint helps support and stabilize the area, reducing the risk of future dislocations. Exercises may include isometric contractions and resistance training.

Managing Pain and Swelling

Therapists use modalities such as ice, heat, and electrical stimulation to alleviate pain and reduce inflammation.

Preventing Recurrence

By addressing underlying issues and improving joint stability, physical therapy can help prevent repeat dislocations. Continual reassessment by your physical therapist ensures exercises evolve with your progress and accommodate any limitations, helping to minimize long-term complications.

Sports Specific Training

If you are an athlete, your therapist can also specifically tailor your exercises and stretches to help you return to the game that you love.

At Georgia Hand, Shoulder & Elbow, our experienced physical therapists develop personalized rehabilitation programs to meet each patient’s unique needs.

Contact Georgia Hand, Shoulder & Elbow for Expert Care

If you’ve experienced an elbow dislocation or are dealing with persistent elbow pain, the team at Georgia Hand, Shoulder & Elbow is here to help. With locations in Marietta and Atlanta, GA, we offer comprehensive evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation services.

Don’t let elbow injuries hinder your daily activities. Contact us today to schedule an appointment and take the first step toward recovery.